S-adenosil-L-metioninin (SAM) işlevi ve uygulaması
S-adenosil-L-metioninin (SAM) işlevi ve uygulaması
Sep 19, 2022
S-adenosyl-L-methionine (S-adenosylmethionine, SAM, CAS: 29908-03-0) is an important metabolite ubiquitous in all biological cells and a physiologically active molecule existing in human tissues and body fluids. It participates in the transmethylation reaction, transsulfurization reaction and transaminopropyl reaction of cells. As the methylation modification, sulfur group storage and transfer of important intracellular molecules, it plays an irreplaceable role in the synthesis of arginine and arginine. effect.
S-adenosylmethionine is the only injection drug among the liver-protecting and choleretic drugs, namely S-adenosylmethionine butanedisulfonate for injection, with remarkable curative effect and no side effects, and is favored by patients. At the same time, SAM also has a good therapeutic effect on depression and arthritis, and its market demand is huge.
1. Liver disease
The results of the study show that SAM has a very good effect on viral hepatitis, cholestasis, liver damage caused by alcohol, including liver cirrhosis and some other liver dysfunction. (1) Treatment of viral hepatitis: Viral hepatitis is a common liver-damaging disease. Common pathogens include hepatitis A, B, C, E virus infection and some other hepatotropic virus infections. Many hepatitis virus infections, especially during acute infection, often manifest cholestatic jaundice. Many studies have shown that S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) has a significant effect on the treatment of acute and chronic viral hepatitis with abnormal liver function. And no adverse reactions occurred during the use of SAM treatment, and no adverse effects caused by the drug were found in the examination of blood, urine routine and renal function.
(2) Treatment of intrahepatic cholestasis: Intrahepatic cholestasis can be seen in various acute and chronic liver diseases, drugs, surgery, shock, systemic infection, pregnancy, etc., and can cause damage to multiple organs in the body, including heart, liver, kidney, etc. Therefore, early diagnosis and treatment of intrahepatic cholestasis is very important. In addition to treatment for the cause, early, rapid and lasting reduction of bilirubin levels and improvement of liver cell function are the keys to treatment. S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) generates phosphatidylcholine and methylated phospholipids through transmethylation, improves the fluidity of cell membranes, and participates in the generation of glutathione through transsulfation, and promotes the uptake of bile acids and bile acids by hepatocytes. It secretes bile, and studies have confirmed that SAM can effectively treat intrahepatic cholestasis in the pre-cirrhotic stage.
(3) Treatment of alcoholic liver disease: In recent years, the incidence of alcoholic liver disease has gradually increased in our country, and it currently ranks second only to viral hepatitis among all liver disease cases. Alcoholic hepatitis may cause abnormal adenosylmethionine metabolism, reduce its synthesis and supply in the liver, impede transmethylation and transsulfation, lead to abnormal bile flow and liver damage, and reduce liver detoxification capacity. S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) can play the role of anti-infection, supplement liver active molecules and improve liver function, and can reduce the damage of various toxic substances to liver cells. The results of the study showed that S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) has a good effect in the treatment of alcoholic liver disease, and ALT, AST, γ-GT (alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, γ-glutamyl transpeptidase) decreased significantly after treatment , the clinical effective rate and the improvement rate of liver function were better than those of the control group, and no obvious adverse reactions were found during the treatment. Studies have found that S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) in the treatment of patients with alcoholic hepatitis can significantly improve their symptoms such as anorexia, nausea, vomiting, fatigue, abdominal distension, skin itching, and at the same time, it has good effects in reducing serum bilirubin and improving liver function. Effect.
2. Depression
S-adenosilmetionin (SAM) formülasyonları, 1970'lerin sonlarından beri depresyon tedavisinde kullanılmaktadır. S-adenosilmetionin (SAM), folik asit ile birleştirilebilir ve merkezi nörotransmiterlerin sentezine katılabilir. Transmetilasyon, beyin dokusu ve hücrelerinin fizyolojik aktivitelerinde önemli bir rol oynar. Bir metil donörü olarak SAM, beyindeki dopamin gibi çeşitli nörotransmitterlerin sentezini ve metabolizmasını etkileyebilir. Aynı zamanda S-adenosilmetionin (SAM), proteinlerin fosforilasyonunu teşvik eder ve serebral kortekste sinyal iletimini arttırır, böylece depresyon semptomlarını etkili bir şekilde iyileştirir, depresif hastaların ruh halini iyileştirir, maniyi bastırır, suçluluk ve intihar eğilimlerini ortadan kaldırır ve hastanın halsiz tepkisini iyileştirmek.
3. Artrit
S-adenosilmetionin (SAM) antiinflamatuar, ağrı kesici ve doku rejenerasyon fonksiyonlarına yardımcı olur. 1970'lerin sonlarında SAM, Avrupa ilaç pazarında artrit tedavisi için bir anti-inflamatuar ağrı kesici olarak kullanıldı. Osteoartrit için ibuprofen ve naproksen kadar etkilidir, ancak çok daha az yan etkisi vardır.
4. Anti-tümör
Çalışmalar, metilasyon durumundaki değişikliklerin tümörlere neden olmada önemli bir faktör olduğunu ve malign tümörlerde hipometilasyon kusurlarının yaygın olduğunu bulmuştur. Metiyoninin aktif formu olan SAM, vücuttaki en önemli metil donörüdür ve DNA metilasyonu, DNA metiltransferaz katalizi altında gerçekleşir. Son yıllarda, yerli ve yabancı literatürler, SAM'in apoptozu teşvik edebileceğini ve meme kanseri, kolon kanseri, mide kanseri ve karaciğer kanseri hücrelerinin büyümesini engelleyebileceğini bildirmiştir.